The participatory budgeting as a form of co-production

Participatory budgeting is a form of co-production (“co-planning” and “co-design”) that allows citizens to influence public decision on the allocation of public resources to different public programs, services, and investments. In this chapter, four conditions for successfully implementing participatory budgeting as a form of co-production are identified and discussed, namely interaction, inclusiveness, responsiveness, and representation. In particular, interaction and inclusiveness should shape the relationship between the public administration and its citizens, whereas representation and responsiveness should become central in the relationship among citizens.