Industry 4.0 and Policies: A Classification

This paper propose a classification framework of national Industry 4.0 policies based on previous contributions applied to different contexts. The sample selected for the study consists of the world’s top 12 manufacturing countries and includes both developing and developed countries. (Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Italy, Japan, Mexico, the Russian Federation, South Korea, the United Kingdom and the United States). The analysis reveals some differences (e.g. in terms of technologies, sectors and instruments) and similarities (e.g. in terms of economic objectives). The study provides policy makers with a framework of industrial 4.0 policies within which to identify and adapt the most appropriate interventions and actions.