Visioni di massiccio = Visions of the massif

Massif culture is the expression that describes the traditional geo-historical
mode of organizing mountain territories capable of going beyond the
simple division into valleys. Unlike the contemporary vision, which tends
to read mountains through the administrative lens of “unitary valleys,”
massif culture conceives the mountain as an articulated territorial system,
structured around major reliefs and defined by historical, economic,
and cultural relations that crossed ridgelines rather than following their
divisions. The massif is simultaneously a geomorphological entity and a
historical-geographical construction that generates specific identities,
economies, and forms of habitability. The communities clustered around
massifs developed productive systems, social practices, agro-pastoral
techniques, and commercial networks integrated across different slopes,
configuring the mountain as a reticular, multiscalar, and highly integrated
ensemble.
The case of the Orobie Alps massif represents an emblematic example of
this logic.