Massimiliano Vaghi, holds a PhD in International History and Post-doc in Modern History, actually is Professor in Asian History at the University of Bergamo. Professor Vaghi is author of books, articles and essays published in Italy, France, USA and India. He is member of the International Society for Eighteenth-Century Studies (ISECS) and of the Commission of History of International Relations (CHIR). In 2012, He was Associate Researcher at the Institut d’Histoire de la Révolution française (Paris-Sorbonne University) and, in 2018, Visiting Professor at the Groupe de Recherche d’Histoire (GRHis), University of Rouen Normandie. Main research areas: International history in late Modern Age (18th-20th centuries), with a focus on French colonialism in South-Asia and Middle-East; Asia-Europe Relations, political and military interaction between East and West, interaction of civilizations; History of mentalities and ideas, and European Orientalism.