The course aims to introduce educational sciences students to the epistemology of complex systems. In particular, the connections between systemic-relational cognitive sciences and the notions of chaotic change and learning in complex systems and in self-organized systems will be explored.
1) Brief history of the development of the human sciences and natural sciences in the 20th century: in particular, the importance acquired by the notion of "observer" in anthropology, biology and physical-mathematical sciences will be explored. 2) The crisis of classical-positivist epistemology and the birth of complex systems epistemology (Bateson, Piaget, Wiener, Von Foerster, Prigogine, Morin). 3) Minds and cultural systems as complex self-organized systems 4) Gregory Bateson's ecology of mind: mental processes, processes of change and learning processes in cognitive systems. 4) Logical paradoxes and pragmatic paradoxes, learning contexts and communication contexts
